Assuntos
Bainha de Mielina/ultraestrutura , Citoplasma/ultraestrutura , Condução Nervosa , Células de Schwann/ultraestrutura , Eletrofisiologia , Endotélio Vascular/ultraestrutura , Fibroblastos/ultraestrutura , Hanseníase Virchowiana/fisiopatologia , Hanseníase Virchowiana/patologia , Hipertrofia , Microscopia Eletrônica , Nervo Radial/fisiologia , Nervo Radial/patologia , Potenciais de Ação/fisiologia , Valores de ReferênciaAssuntos
Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos , Antígenos de Bactérias , Autoanticorpos , Autoantígenos , Camundongos , Cobaias , Coelhos , Epitopos , Especificidade da Espécie , Hanseníase/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G , Mycobacterium leprae/imunologia , Nervos Periféricos/imunologia , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/imunologia , Reações CruzadasRESUMO
Among 39 strains of Mycobacterium leprae isolated from patients with multibacillary leprosy who relapsed after treatment with rifampin (RMP), 22 strains were resistant to RMP and 17 were susceptible. All of the RMP-resistant strains were recovered from patients who had been treated with more than 50 doses of RMP, usually given as monotherapy. RMP-susceptible strains were recovered from only six patients who had received more than 50 doses of RMP, and from 11 patients who had received no more than seven doses. The median time to relapse after the beginning of RMP therapy was 9 years (range 1-12 years) among the patients harboring RMP-resistant strains of M. leprae, and the median time to relapse after discontinuation of RMP treatment was 7 years (range 1-11 years) among the patients harboring RMP-susceptible strains. These data suggest that monotherapy with more than a few doses of RMP can be responsible for the emergence of RMP-resistant strains of M. leprae, thus emphasizing the need to employ RMP only in combination with other effective drugs in the chemotherapy of multibacillary leprosy
Assuntos
Humanos , Hanseníase/terapia , Hanseníase/tratamento farmacológico , Rifampina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Our recent segregation analysis, carried out on 27 large pedigrees from a Caribbean island (Desirade), has shown the presence of recessive major gene(s) controlling susceptibility to leprosy per se and nonlepromatous leprosy, respectively. Linkage analysis was performed between each of these two detected genes and each of five markers typed in the Desirade population: HLA, ABO, Rhesus, Gm and Km. No positive significant lod score was observed. However, for leprosy per se close linkage was excluded with Rhesus and Gm (and also with ABO and HLA, considering a lower value for the frequency of the gene controlling susceptibility to leprosy per se). The highest lod score, although not significant, was obtained between the gene for nonlepromatous leprosy and ABO. Our overall results, joined with previous studies and experimental data, suggest that the gene controlling susceptibility to leprosy per se and that controlling susceptibility to nonlepromatous leprosy might be different, acting at successive stages of the immune response to infection with Mycobacterium leprae. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Marcadores Genéticos , Hanseníase/genética , Hanseníase Virchowiana/genética , Ligação Genética , Sistema ABO de Grupos Sanguíneos/genética , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Antígenos HLA/genética , Alótipos de Imunoglobulina/genética , Alótipos Gm de Imunoglobulina/genética , Sistema do Grupo Sanguíneo Rh-Hr/genética , Índias OcidentaisRESUMO
An assay system has been developed based on radiometric quantification of 3H uracil incorporation into viable BCG in the absence or presence of blood monocytes in cultures from untreated lepromatous (LL) or tuberculoid (TT) leprosy patients. 3H Uracil incorporation into BCG was inhibited when the bacilli were cultivated in the presence of blood-derived macrophages in culture for four days, and that inhibition was always greater with macrophages harvested from LL patients compared to TT patients. The reasons for such an observed difference in humans are discussed according to our knowledge obtained in murine models of mycobacterial infections.
